Curriculum strands. Structural elements of the curriculum designating the way in which content is organized for the purpose of planning for student learning. The term ‘strands’ is used to indicate: (a) the disciplines within a learning area, e.g. history, geography, economics and civics under ‘social studies’, each with its own ... At the beginning of 2020, to stop the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to the campus, the Ministry of Education of China launched a policy “Suspension of classes without suspending schooling” for the spring semester of 2020. However, the drawbacks of online teaching (e.g., students’ inadequate autonomous learning, the lack of effective online instruction) forced us to modify ...allows a curriculum committee to identify key issues and trends that will support the needs assessment that should be conducted and the philosophy that should be developed. Research often begins with a committee's reading and discussing timely, seminal and content specific reports from curriculum associations. Committee members shouldwhat standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ...Defining the curriculum content. Curriculum development is both a political and technical process. Given the importance of curriculum for society (i.e. from the point of view of its identity; development prospects; etc.), curriculum is a matter of public interest. Curriculum entails nevertheless technical aspects that are the responsibility of ...an assignment, a course, and program outcomes is a critical component of a curriculum framework. Suggested questions to determine graduate competency are provided for each program outcome. The list is not inclusive of all evaluation strategies; it is a guide to be used for dialogue andRegardless of definition or approach, curriculum can be organized into three major components: objectives, content or subject matter, and learning experiences. Think of objectives as a road map (“where” are we going), content as the “what” of curriculum, and learning experiences as the “how.” Shulman (1986) introduced the phrase pedagogical content knowledge and sparked a whole new wave of scholarly articles on teachers' knowledge of their subject matter and the importance of this knowledge for successful teaching. In Shulman's theoretical framework, teachers need to master two types of knowledge: (a) content, also known as "deep ...Jul 25, 2023 · This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download. Curriculums are the roadmaps for schools which provide purpose and direction for administrators, educators, parents, and students. Curriculum typically refers to, “the knowledge and skills students are expected to learn, which includes the learning standards or learning objectives they are expected to meet; the units and lessons that teachers teach; the assignments and projects given to ...what standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ...A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. [1] A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. Defining the curriculum content. Curriculum development is both a political and technical process. Given the importance of curriculum for society (i.e. from the point of view of its identity; development prospects; etc.), curriculum is a matter of public interest. Curriculum entails nevertheless technical aspects that are the responsibility of ...overview of the curriculum field and a set of concepts for analyzing the field. To accom-plish these related goals, the discussion that follows focuses on these outcomes: defining the concept of curriculum, examining the several types of curricula, describing the con-trasting nature of curriculum components, and analyzing the hidden curriculum ... This question is considered in detail in Module 3 – Curriculum Design (Training Tools for Curriculum Development – A Resource Pack). How will the content (the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes) be organized under the new curriculum framework?24 One very common reason for adopting a framework approach to curriculum is to introduce more ... Dec 15, 2022 · The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions of Apr 14, 2011 · The framework is organized around three interlocking components namely: inquiry skills, scientific attitudes, and content and connections, as shown in the diagram. Being interrelated, these components are woven together in order to support the holistic development of a scientifically literate individual. The previous chapter describes seven principles that support learning with understanding. This chapter explores the implications of those principles for the intentional and systemic design of four key elements of the educational system—curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development—to promote learning with understanding within the context of advanced study.According to the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), “curriculum” is the organized framework that delineates the content children are to learn, the processes through which children will use to achieve the identified curricular goals, what teachers will do to help children achieve these goals, and the context The NCSS curriculum standards offer a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content standards.5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners. Curriculum strands. Structural elements of the curriculum designating the way in which content is organized for the purpose of planning for student learning. The term ‘strands’ is used to indicate: (a) the disciplines within a learning area, e.g. history, geography, economics and civics under ‘social studies’, each with its own ...based on the "Show Me Standards." The 73 "Show Me Standards" define what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from Missouri's public high schools. This guide begins with an explanation of the curriculum frameworks and the Show Me Standards, followed by an overview of health education and physical education in Missouri.successful curriculum development and revision (Johnson, 2001). So, this paper will discuss the importance of teachers’ involvement in curriculum development, the challenges that teachers face in curriculum development, preparation for teachers involvement in curriculum development, the teachers role in curriculum development, and then ...The NCSS curriculum standards offer a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content standards.Curriculum Framework . The curriculum framework provides an overview of the entire structure of the curriculum development process. This framework provides the vision to improve the learning outcomes of all students and to enable schools to develop learning and teaching programs that meet the needs of students and changes in society. The curriculum Second, content standards guide public school instruction, curriculum, and assessment in an organized and meaningful manner—essentially providing a map of where the curriculum should go and enabling schools and teachers to tailor their instruction to fit the needs of diverse learners. Answer: Teaching and learning frameworks are created as a study outcome model to assist teachers in defining the subject to be learnt in terms of clear, measurable learning standards, creating inspiring and inclusive environments, and incorporating assessment into learning. 4.) How is content organized in the curriculum framework?Curriculum content simply means the totality of what is to be taught in a school system. The content component of teaching learning situation refers to the important facts, principles and concepts to be taught. These contents must be in line with the learning experiences and there must be clear cut objective to be achieved by the end of each ...Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ... A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A Curriculum Framework is part of a outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. This question is considered in detail in Module 3 – Curriculum Design (Training Tools for Curriculum Development – A Resource Pack). How will the content (the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes) be organized under the new curriculum framework?24 One very common reason for adopting a framework approach to curriculum is to introduce more ...result in more content organized chronologically and geographically in ways that more fully establish the ability of students to identify and remember causes and effects related to major historical people, events, and ideas across approximately 7000 years of world, U.S., and Texas history . Opportunities toCurriculum. Curriculum is a systematic and intended packaging of competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills and attitudes that are underpinned by values) that learners should acquire through organised learning experiences both in formal and non-formal settings (See: Different meanings of curricula ). Good curriculum plays an important role in forging ... Second, content standards guide public school instruction, curriculum, and assessment in an organized and meaningful manner—essentially providing a map of where the curriculum should go and enabling schools and teachers to tailor their instruction to fit the needs of diverse learners. Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ... The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ...he initial draft of the framework was developed by the Physical Education Curriculum Framework and Criteria Committee (CFCC) between September 2006 and April 2007. he State Board of Education and the Curriculum Development and Supplemental Materials Commission commend the following members of the CFCC and extend great appreciation to them.Curriculum is a systematic and intended packaging of competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills and attitudes that are underpinned by values) that learners should acquire through organised learning experiences both in formal and non-formal settings (See: Different meanings of curricula ). Good curriculum plays an important role in forging life-long ...Jan 18, 2020 · How to design your curriculum. Step 1: Principles and purpose – Set out the intent of your curriculum. Step 2: Entitlement and enrichment – Develop your pupil entitlement. Step 3: Breadth and balance – Curate the content of your curriculum. Step 4: Teaching narrative – Plan the delivery of your curriculum. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A Curriculum Framework is part of a outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. Curriculum alignment brings teams of teachers together to plan instructions. Vertical alignment is when teachers who teach the same content area meet across grade level bands. Horizontal alignment ...literature is scant. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to offer a framework that can contribute to future research in this area. To lay a foundation for the argument, the first section of 1This paper will appear as a chapter in W. R. Houston (Ed.), Handbook for Research on Teacher Education. New York: Macmillan.5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners.Curriculum Framework . The Nevada CTE Curriculum Frameworks are organized utilizing the recommended course sequencing listed in the program of study and the CTE Course Catalog. The framework identifies the recommended content standards, performance standards, and performance indicators that should be taught in each course.Regardless of definition or approach, curriculum can be organized into three major components: objectives, content or subject matter, and learning experiences. Think of objectives as a road map (“where” are we going), content as the “what” of curriculum, and learning experiences as the “how.” It is a process of learning derived from an organized and systematic education activity working either separately or as a special feature of a formal education institution. 2. Its curriculum is flexible, diversified in content and method because it should conform to the needs of the identified group of learners. Informal Education 1. Curriculum framework. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. [1] A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design.Curriculum alignment brings teams of teachers together to plan instructions. Vertical alignment is when teachers who teach the same content area meet across grade level bands. Horizontal alignment ...Custom Solutions. Through our tenure and expertise in K12 and higher education, we have become a trusted ally for industry partners who are looking to leave a positive impact in their company and community. We excel at navigating through vast content landscapes and skillfully identifying the essential elements for effective learning.based on the "Show Me Standards." The 73 "Show Me Standards" define what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from Missouri's public high schools. This guide begins with an explanation of the curriculum frameworks and the Show Me Standards, followed by an overview of health education and physical education in Missouri.Regardless of definition or approach, curriculum can be organized into three major components: objectives, content or subject matter, and learning experiences. Think of objectives as a road map (“where” are we going), content as the “what” of curriculum, and learning experiences as the “how.”This question is considered in detail in Module 3 – Curriculum Design (Training Tools for Curriculum Development – A Resource Pack). How will the content (the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes) be organized under the new curriculum framework?24 One very common reason for adopting a framework approach to curriculum is to introduce more ...The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...learning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one. allows a curriculum committee to identify key issues and trends that will support the needs assessment that should be conducted and the philosophy that should be developed. Research often begins with a committee's reading and discussing timely, seminal and content specific reports from curriculum associations. Committee members should what standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ... Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ...The curriculum for each subject or discipline is made up of a set of learning expectations that outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to learn and apply by the end of a grade or course. For each subject, expectations are arranged into sections (or strands) to help with organization. However, educators look at the learning goals ... Apr 12, 2021 · At the beginning of 2020, to stop the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to the campus, the Ministry of Education of China launched a policy “Suspension of classes without suspending schooling” for the spring semester of 2020. However, the drawbacks of online teaching (e.g., students’ inadequate autonomous learning, the lack of effective online instruction) forced us to modify ... Build your plans. Step 1: Determine your scope and sequence by using the Scope and Sequence template. Download docx. Step 2: Choose a unit from the scope and sequence. Use this Unit Plan template Download docx to begin to build out your unit plan. Step 3: If applicable, build and name a folder or module in UB Learns.Curriculum structure The way in which the curriculum is organized, including the subjects or learning areas, when they must be studied and the ‘pattern’ in which they must be studied. The curriculum may be composed, for example, of core and elective subjects studied with some variation between grades.Content standards. Specifications of what all learners are expected to know and be able to do within a particular field of study, discipline or subject at different grade levels, ages, or other criteria. These standards should be clear, detailed, and complete; reasonable in scope; rigorous and scientifically correct; and they should be built ...It is a process of learning derived from an organized and systematic education activity working either separately or as a special feature of a formal education institution. 2. Its curriculum is flexible, diversified in content and method because it should conform to the needs of the identified group of learners. Informal Education 1. Jan 19, 2022 · Since 2005 A.D, a lot of improvement can be seen in the curriculum framework of Nepal but still teaching methodology shows a micro improvement. The contents set or organized for producing human resources is not at least bad but there’s a lack of interpretational ability which is one bad side or say failure of educational administration. The previous chapter describes seven principles that support learning with understanding. This chapter explores the implications of those principles for the intentional and systemic design of four key elements of the educational system—curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development—to promote learning with understanding within the context of advanced study. The Fiji Islands National Curriculum Framework (NCF) sets out the philosophy and structure for curriculum from early childhood to Form 7. It provides information to assist all those with a responsibility for the provision and quality of the curriculum and education in the Fiji Islands. The framework will be of use to and will inform:Dec 15, 2022 · The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions of The curriculum is a standards-based sequence of planned experiences where students practice and achieve proficiency in content and applied learning skills. Published in Chapter: Teaching Education in Values Through Games in Primary Education ; From: Global Perspectives on Value Education in Primary School.At the beginning of 2020, to stop the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to the campus, the Ministry of Education of China launched a policy “Suspension of classes without suspending schooling” for the spring semester of 2020. However, the drawbacks of online teaching (e.g., students’ inadequate autonomous learning, the lack of effective online instruction) forced us to modify ...Curriculum implementation. The process of putting the formal curriculum into practice. In the case of a new or revised curriculum this process ideally includes school development and improvement processes; fostered school leadership and ethos; in-service teacher training and the development of new textbooks, teaching and learning materials and ...result in more content organized chronologically and geographically in ways that more fully establish the ability of students to identify and remember causes and effects related to major historical people, events, and ideas across approximately 7000 years of world, U.S., and Texas history . Opportunities toAnswer: Teaching and learning frameworks are created as a study outcome model to assist teachers in defining the subject to be learnt in terms of clear, measurable learning standards, creating inspiring and inclusive environments, and incorporating assessment into learning. 4.) How is content organized in the curriculum framework?The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...The curriculum consists of the plans for the learning experiences through which children acquire knowledge, skills, abilities, and understanding. Implementing a curriculum always yields outcomes of some kind—but which outcomes those are and how a program achieves them are critical. In developmentally appropriate practice, the curriculum helps ...The curriculum specialists of the Blind River School District have organized the curriculum so that key content is taught at various grade levels with concepts and applications geared to the interests and abilities of the students in the grades in question. This curriculum design is known as. Click the card to flip 👆. Definition. 1 / 35. spiral.How is the K-12 Social Studies Curriculum Framework organized? The framework is organized in three parts. Part 1: Ten Themes. Under each theme there is: A brief definition giving the essential ideas of the theme. Content examples illustrating how information from different Social Studies disciplines may be included under the theme.Shulman (1986) introduced the phrase pedagogical content knowledge and sparked a whole new wave of scholarly articles on teachers' knowledge of their subject matter and the importance of this knowledge for successful teaching. In Shulman's theoretical framework, teachers need to master two types of knowledge: (a) content, also known as "deep ...Content standards. Specifications of what all learners are expected to know and be able to do within a particular field of study, discipline or subject at different grade levels, ages, or other criteria. These standards should be clear, detailed, and complete; reasonable in scope; rigorous and scientifically correct; and they should be built ... To accom- plish these related goals, the discussion that follows focuses on these outcomes: defining the concept of curriculum, examining the several types of curricula, describing the con- trasting nature of curriculum components, and analyzing the hidden curriculum.5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners.Content standards. Specifications of what all learners are expected to know and be able to do within a particular field of study, discipline or subject at different grade levels, ages, or other criteria. These standards should be clear, detailed, and complete; reasonable in scope; rigorous and scientifically correct; and they should be built ...The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions ofStandards, kindergarten content stan-dards, and the . Head Start Child Develop-ment and Early Education Framework. An investment in high-quality care and educa-tion programs throughout the early years will promote learning for all children and ensure school readiness when they enter kindergarten. These foundations will help guide and Curriculum implementation. The process of putting the formal curriculum into practice. In the case of a new or revised curriculum this process ideally includes school development and improvement processes; fostered school leadership and ethos; in-service teacher training and the development of new textbooks, teaching and learning materials and ... The content is organized in the way of the students can use those languages in the class. It is formally organized and focus on the subjects, development of the students learning and understanding. As we look on the framework, the subjects or learning areas in each stage is first in the Second Language Development which are: Filipino, English ...Content Standards Content standards were designed to encourage the highest achievement of every student, by defining the knowledge, concepts, and skills that students should acquire at each grade level. Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards Web page for those interested in following the revision of CTE Model Curriculum ...
based on the "Show Me Standards." The 73 "Show Me Standards" define what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from Missouri's public high schools. This guide begins with an explanation of the curriculum frameworks and the Show Me Standards, followed by an overview of health education and physical education in Missouri. . Commercial appliance parts and service inc
Curriculum is a systematic and intended packaging of competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills and attitudes that are underpinned by values) that learners should acquire through organised learning experiences both in formal and non-formal settings (See: Different meanings of curricula ). Good curriculum plays an important role in forging life-long ...Second, content standards guide public school instruction, curriculum, and assessment in an organized and meaningful manner—essentially providing a map of where the curriculum should go and enabling schools and teachers to tailor their instruction to fit the needs of diverse learners. Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ... Curriculum Framework. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do.How to design your curriculum. Step 1: Principles and purpose – Set out the intent of your curriculum. Step 2: Entitlement and enrichment – Develop your pupil entitlement. Step 3: Breadth and balance – Curate the content of your curriculum. Step 4: Teaching narrative – Plan the delivery of your curriculum.Jan 19, 2022 · Since 2005 A.D, a lot of improvement can be seen in the curriculum framework of Nepal but still teaching methodology shows a micro improvement. The contents set or organized for producing human resources is not at least bad but there’s a lack of interpretational ability which is one bad side or say failure of educational administration. Curriculum Curriculum refers to the entirety of the organized experience of students in any institutional setting towards educational aims and objectives. The elements that constitute and bring to life a Curriculum are numerous, and include goals and objectives, syllabi, content to be taught and learnt, pedagogical practices and assessment, teach-Standards, kindergarten content stan-dards, and the . Head Start Child Develop-ment and Early Education Framework. An investment in high-quality care and educa-tion programs throughout the early years will promote learning for all children and ensure school readiness when they enter kindergarten. These foundations will help guide and5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners. The scope refers to the areas of development addressed by the curriculum. The sequence includes plans and materials for learning experiences to support and extend children’s learning at various levels of development. Education staff can use this resource to select and implement curriculum that includes an organized scope and sequence.Curriculum Curriculum refers to the entirety of the organized experience of students in any institutional setting towards educational aims and objectives. The elements that constitute and bring to life a Curriculum are numerous, and include goals and objectives, syllabi, content to be taught and learnt, pedagogical practices and assessment, teach- The Kenyan Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) resolved to adopt a competency-based approach (CBA) in their curriculum reforms based on the findings of a needs assessment study carried out in 2016, international best practices in education systems and curriculum reforms, and a desire to make learning more meaningful. The curriculum framework, including the expected learning outcomes, communicates what teachers and learners should know and do. Curriculum is a description of what, why, how, and how well students should learn in a systematic and intentional way. (14) Expected learning outcomes define the totality of information, knowledge, understanding ... Curriculum is a systematic and intended packaging of competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills and attitudes that are underpinned by values) that learners should acquire through organised learning experiences both in formal and non-formal settings (See: Different meanings of curricula ). Good curriculum plays an important role in forging life-long ...Nov 8, 2022 · The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s efforts to strengthen preschool education and school readiness and to close the achievement gap in California. As the word is used in this publication, foundations describe the knowledge, skills, and competencies that children typically attain ... Custom Solutions. Through our tenure and expertise in K12 and higher education, we have become a trusted ally for industry partners who are looking to leave a positive impact in their company and community. We excel at navigating through vast content landscapes and skillfully identifying the essential elements for effective learning.The NCSS curriculum standards instead provide a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They are not a substitute for content standards, but instead provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content ...result in more content organized chronologically and geographically in ways that more fully establish the ability of students to identify and remember causes and effects related to major historical people, events, and ideas across approximately 7000 years of world, U.S., and Texas history . Opportunities to he initial draft of the framework was developed by the Physical Education Curriculum Framework and Criteria Committee (CFCC) between September 2006 and April 2007. he State Board of Education and the Curriculum Development and Supplemental Materials Commission commend the following members of the CFCC and extend great appreciation to them.Content standards. Specifications of what all learners are expected to know and be able to do within a particular field of study, discipline or subject at different grade levels, ages, or other criteria. These standards should be clear, detailed, and complete; reasonable in scope; rigorous and scientifically correct; and they should be built ... learning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one..